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（2007年8月30日第十屆全國人民代表大會(huì)常務(wù)委員會(huì)第二十九次會(huì)議通過　2007年8月30日中華人民共和國主席令第六十九號(hào)公布　自2007年11月1日起施行）

 

 

第一章　總則

第二章　預(yù)防與應(yīng)急準(zhǔn)備

第三章　監(jiān)測與預(yù)警

第四章　應(yīng)急處置與救援

第五章　事后恢復(fù)與重建

第六章　法律責(zé)任

第七章　附則 

 

第一章　總則

　　第一條　為了預(yù)防和減少突發(fā)事件的發(fā)生，控制、減輕和消除突發(fā)事件引起的嚴(yán)重社會(huì)危害，規(guī)范突發(fā)事件應(yīng)對活動(dòng)，保護(hù)人民生命財(cái)產(chǎn)安全，維護(hù)國家安全、公共安全、環(huán)境安全和社會(huì)秩序，制定本法。

　　第二條　突發(fā)事件的預(yù)防與應(yīng)急準(zhǔn)備、監(jiān)測與預(yù)警、應(yīng)急處置與救援、事后恢復(fù)與重建等應(yīng)對活動(dòng)，適用本法。

　　第三條　本法所稱突發(fā)事件，是指突然發(fā)生，造成或者可能造成嚴(yán)重社會(huì)危害，需要采取應(yīng)急處置措施予以應(yīng)對的自然災(zāi)害、事故災(zāi)難、公共衛(wèi)生事件和社會(huì)安全事件。

　　按照社會(huì)危害程度、影響范圍等因素，自然災(zāi)害、事故災(zāi)難、公共衛(wèi)生事件分為特別重大、重大、較大和一般四級。法律、行政法規(guī)或者國務(wù)院另有規(guī)定的，從其規(guī)定。

　　突發(fā)事件的分級標(biāo)準(zhǔn)由國務(wù)院或者國務(wù)院確定的部門制定。

　　第四條　國家建立統(tǒng)一領(lǐng)導(dǎo)、綜合協(xié)調(diào)、分類管理、分級負(fù)責(zé)、屬地管理為主的應(yīng)急管理體制。

　　第五條　突發(fā)事件應(yīng)對工作實(shí)行預(yù)防為主、預(yù)防與應(yīng)急相結(jié)合的原則。國家建立重大突發(fā)事件風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評估體系，對可能發(fā)生的突發(fā)事件進(jìn)行綜合性評估，減少重大突發(fā)事件的發(fā)生，最大限度地減輕重大突發(fā)事件的影響。

　　第六條　國家建立有效的社會(huì)動(dòng)員機(jī)制，增強(qiáng)全民的公共安全和防范風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的意識(shí)，提高全社會(huì)的避險(xiǎn)救助能力。

　　第七條　縣級人民政府對本行政區(qū)域內(nèi)突發(fā)事件的應(yīng)對工作負(fù)責(zé)；涉及兩個(gè)以上行政區(qū)域的，由有關(guān)行政區(qū)域共同的上一級人民政府負(fù)責(zé)，或者由各有關(guān)行政區(qū)域的上一級人民政府共同負(fù)責(zé)。

　　突發(fā)事件發(fā)生后，發(fā)生地縣級人民政府應(yīng)當(dāng)立即采取措施控制事態(tài)發(fā)展，組織開展應(yīng)急救援和處置工作，并立即向上一級人民政府報(bào)告，必要時(shí)可以越級上報(bào)。

　　突發(fā)事件發(fā)生地縣級人民政府不能消除或者不能有效控制突發(fā)事件引起的嚴(yán)重社會(huì)危害的，應(yīng)當(dāng)及時(shí)向上級人民政府報(bào)告。上級人民政府應(yīng)當(dāng)及時(shí)采取措施，統(tǒng)一領(lǐng)導(dǎo)應(yīng)急處置工作。

　　法律、行政法規(guī)規(guī)定由國務(wù)院有關(guān)部門對突發(fā)事件的應(yīng)對工作負(fù)責(zé)的，從其規(guī)定；地方人民政府應(yīng)當(dāng)積極配合并提供必要的支持。

　　第八條　國務(wù)院在總理領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下研究、決定和部署特別重大突發(fā)事件的應(yīng)對工作；根據(jù)實(shí)際需要，設(shè)立國家突發(fā)事件應(yīng)急指揮機(jī)構(gòu)，負(fù)責(zé)突發(fā)事件應(yīng)對工作；必要時(shí)，國務(wù)院可以派出工作組指導(dǎo)有關(guān)工作。

　　縣級以上地方各級人民政府設(shè)立由本級人民政府主要負(fù)責(zé)人、相關(guān)部門負(fù)責(zé)人、駐當(dāng)?shù)刂袊嗣窠夥跑姾椭袊嗣裎溲b警察部隊(duì)有關(guān)負(fù)責(zé)人組成的突發(fā)事件應(yīng)急指揮機(jī)構(gòu)，統(tǒng)一領(lǐng)導(dǎo)、協(xié)調(diào)本級人民政府各有關(guān)部門和下級人民政府開展突發(fā)事件應(yīng)對工作；根據(jù)實(shí)際需要，設(shè)立相關(guān)類別突發(fā)事件應(yīng)急指揮機(jī)構(gòu)，組織、協(xié)調(diào)、指揮突發(fā)事件應(yīng)對工作。

　　上級人民政府主管部門應(yīng)當(dāng)在各自職責(zé)范圍內(nèi)，指導(dǎo)、協(xié)助下級人民政府及其相應(yīng)部門做好有關(guān)突發(fā)事件的應(yīng)對工作。

　　第九條　國務(wù)院和縣級以上地方各級人民政府是突發(fā)事件應(yīng)對工作的行政領(lǐng)導(dǎo)機(jī)關(guān)，其辦事機(jī)構(gòu)及具體職責(zé)由國務(wù)院規(guī)定。

　　第十條　有關(guān)人民政府及其部門作出的應(yīng)對突發(fā)事件的決定、命令，應(yīng)當(dāng)及時(shí)公布。

　　第十一條　有關(guān)人民政府及其部門采取的應(yīng)對突發(fā)事件的措施，應(yīng)當(dāng)與突發(fā)事件可能造成的社會(huì)危害的性質(zhì)、程度和范圍相適應(yīng)；有多種措施可供選擇的，應(yīng)當(dāng)選擇有利于最大程度地保護(hù)公民、法人和其他組織權(quán)益的措施。

　　公民、法人和其他組織有義務(wù)參與突發(fā)事件應(yīng)對工作。

　　第十二條　有關(guān)人民政府及其部門為應(yīng)對突發(fā)事件，可以征用單位和個(gè)人的財(cái)產(chǎn)。被征用的財(cái)產(chǎn)在使用完畢或者突發(fā)事件應(yīng)急處置工作結(jié)束后，應(yīng)當(dāng)及時(shí)返還。財(cái)產(chǎn)被征用或者征用后毀損、滅失的，應(yīng)當(dāng)給予補(bǔ)償。

　　第十三條　因采取突發(fā)事件應(yīng)對措施，訴訟、行政復(fù)議、仲裁活動(dòng)不能正常進(jìn)行的，適用有關(guān)時(shí)效中止和程序中止的規(guī)定，但法律另有規(guī)定的除外。

　　第十四條　中國人民解放軍、中國人民武裝警察部隊(duì)和民兵組織依照本法和其他有關(guān)法律、行政法規(guī)、軍事法規(guī)的規(guī)定以及國務(wù)院、中央軍事委員會(huì)的命令，參加突發(fā)事件的應(yīng)急救援和處置工作。

　　第十五條　中華人民共和國政府在突發(fā)事件的預(yù)防、監(jiān)測與預(yù)警、應(yīng)急處置與救援、事后恢復(fù)與重建等方面，同外國政府和有關(guān)國際組織開展合作與交流。

　　第十六條　縣級以上人民政府作出應(yīng)對突發(fā)事件的決定、命令，應(yīng)當(dāng)報(bào)本級人民代表大會(huì)常務(wù)委員會(huì)備案；突發(fā)事件應(yīng)急處置工作結(jié)束后，應(yīng)當(dāng)向本級人民代表大會(huì)常務(wù)委員會(huì)作出專項(xiàng)工作報(bào)告。

第二章　預(yù)防與應(yīng)急準(zhǔn)備

　　第十七條　國家建立健全突發(fā)事件應(yīng)急預(yù)案體系。

　　國務(wù)院制定國家突發(fā)事件總體應(yīng)急預(yù)案，組織制定國家突發(fā)事件專項(xiàng)應(yīng)急預(yù)案；國務(wù)院有關(guān)部門根據(jù)各自的職責(zé)和國務(wù)院相關(guān)應(yīng)急預(yù)案，制定國家突發(fā)事件部門應(yīng)急預(yù)案。

　　地方各級人民政府和縣級以上地方各級人民政府有關(guān)部門根據(jù)有關(guān)法律、法規(guī)、規(guī)章、上級人民政府及其有關(guān)部門的應(yīng)急預(yù)案以及本地區(qū)的實(shí)際情況，制定相應(yīng)的突發(fā)事件應(yīng)急預(yù)案。

　　應(yīng)急預(yù)案制定機(jī)關(guān)應(yīng)當(dāng)根據(jù)實(shí)際需要和情勢變化，適時(shí)修訂應(yīng)急預(yù)案。應(yīng)急預(yù)案的制定、修訂程序由國務(wù)院規(guī)定。

　　第十八條　應(yīng)急預(yù)案應(yīng)當(dāng)根據(jù)本法和其他有關(guān)法律、法規(guī)的規(guī)定，針對突發(fā)事件的性質(zhì)、特點(diǎn)和可能造成的社會(huì)危害，具體規(guī)定突發(fā)事件應(yīng)急管理工作的組織指揮體系與職責(zé)和突發(fā)事件的預(yù)防與預(yù)警機(jī)制、處置程序、應(yīng)急保障措施以及事后恢復(fù)與重建措施等內(nèi)容。

　　第十九條　城鄉(xiāng)規(guī)劃應(yīng)當(dāng)符合預(yù)防、處置突發(fā)事件的需要，統(tǒng)籌安排應(yīng)對突發(fā)事件所必需的設(shè)備和基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)，合理確定應(yīng)急避難場所。

　　第二十條　縣級人民政府應(yīng)當(dāng)對本行政區(qū)域內(nèi)容易引發(fā)自然災(zāi)害、事故災(zāi)難和公共衛(wèi)生事件的危險(xiǎn)源、危險(xiǎn)區(qū)域進(jìn)行調(diào)查、登記、風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評估，定期進(jìn)行檢查、監(jiān)控，并責(zé)令有關(guān)單位采取安全防范措施。

　　省級和設(shè)區(qū)的市級人民政府應(yīng)當(dāng)對本行政區(qū)域內(nèi)容易引發(fā)特別重大、重大突發(fā)事件的危險(xiǎn)源、危險(xiǎn)區(qū)域進(jìn)行調(diào)查、登記、風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評估，組織進(jìn)行檢查、監(jiān)控，并責(zé)令有關(guān)單位采取安全防范措施。

　　縣級以上地方各級人民政府按照本法規(guī)定登記的危險(xiǎn)源、危險(xiǎn)區(qū)域，應(yīng)當(dāng)按照國家規(guī)定及時(shí)向社會(huì)公布。

　　第二十一條　縣級人民政府及其有關(guān)部門、鄉(xiāng)級人民政府、街道辦事處、居民委員會(huì)、村民委員會(huì)應(yīng)當(dāng)及時(shí)調(diào)解處理可能引發(fā)社會(huì)安全事件的矛盾糾紛。

　　第二十二條　所有單位應(yīng)當(dāng)建立健全安全管理制度，定期檢查本單位各項(xiàng)安全防范措施的落實(shí)情況，及時(shí)消除事故隱患；掌握并及時(shí)處理本單位存在的可能引發(fā)社會(huì)安全事件的問題，防止矛盾激化和事態(tài)擴(kuò)大；對本單位可能發(fā)生的突發(fā)事件和采取安全防范措施的情況，應(yīng)當(dāng)按照規(guī)定及時(shí)向所在地人民政府或者人民政府有關(guān)部門報(bào)告。

　　第二十三條　礦山、建筑施工單位和易燃易爆物品、危險(xiǎn)化學(xué)品、放射性物品等危險(xiǎn)物品的生產(chǎn)、經(jīng)營、儲(chǔ)運(yùn)、使用單位，應(yīng)當(dāng)制定具體應(yīng)急預(yù)案，并對生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營場所、有危險(xiǎn)物品的建筑物、構(gòu)筑物及周邊環(huán)境開展隱患排查，及時(shí)采取措施消除隱患，防止發(fā)生突發(fā)事件。

　　第二十四條　公共交通工具、公共場所和其他人員密集場所的經(jīng)營單位或者管理單位應(yīng)當(dāng)制定具體應(yīng)急預(yù)案，為交通工具和有關(guān)場所配備報(bào)警裝置和必要的應(yīng)急救援設(shè)備、設(shè)施，注明其使用方法，并顯著標(biāo)明安全撤離的通道、路線，保證安全通道、出口的暢通。

　　有關(guān)單位應(yīng)當(dāng)定期檢測、維護(hù)其報(bào)警裝置和應(yīng)急救援設(shè)備、設(shè)施，使其處于良好狀態(tài)，確保正常使用。

　　第二十五條　縣級以上人民政府應(yīng)當(dāng)建立健全突發(fā)事件應(yīng)急管理培訓(xùn)制度，對人民政府及其有關(guān)部門負(fù)有處置突發(fā)事件職責(zé)的工作人員定期進(jìn)行培訓(xùn)。

　　第二十六條　縣級以上人民政府應(yīng)當(dāng)整合應(yīng)急資源，建立或者確定綜合性應(yīng)急救援隊(duì)伍。人民政府有關(guān)部門可以根據(jù)實(shí)際需要設(shè)立專業(yè)應(yīng)急救援隊(duì)伍。

　　縣級以上人民政府及其有關(guān)部門可以建立由成年志愿者組成的應(yīng)急救援隊(duì)伍。單位應(yīng)當(dāng)建立由本單位職工組成的專職或者兼職應(yīng)急救援隊(duì)伍。

　　縣級以上人民政府應(yīng)當(dāng)加強(qiáng)專業(yè)應(yīng)急救援隊(duì)伍與非專業(yè)應(yīng)急救援隊(duì)伍的合作，聯(lián)合培訓(xùn)、聯(lián)合演練，提高合成應(yīng)急、協(xié)同應(yīng)急的能力。

　　第二十七條　國務(wù)院有關(guān)部門、縣級以上地方各級人民政府及其有關(guān)部門、有關(guān)單位應(yīng)當(dāng)為專業(yè)應(yīng)急救援人員購買人身意外傷害保險(xiǎn)，配備必要的防護(hù)裝備和器材，減少應(yīng)急救援人員的人身風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。

　　第二十八條　中國人民解放軍、中國人民武裝警察部隊(duì)和民兵組織應(yīng)當(dāng)有計(jì)劃地組織開展應(yīng)急救援的專門訓(xùn)練。

　　第二十九條　縣級人民政府及其有關(guān)部門、鄉(xiāng)級人民政府、街道辦事處應(yīng)當(dāng)組織開展應(yīng)急知識(shí)的宣傳普及活動(dòng)和必要的應(yīng)急演練。

　　居民委員會(huì)、村民委員會(huì)、企業(yè)事業(yè)單位應(yīng)當(dāng)根據(jù)所在地人民政府的要求，結(jié)合各自的實(shí)際情況，開展有關(guān)突發(fā)事件應(yīng)急知識(shí)的宣傳普及活動(dòng)和必要的應(yīng)急演練。

　　新聞媒體應(yīng)當(dāng)無償開展突發(fā)事件預(yù)防與應(yīng)急、自救與互救知識(shí)的公益宣傳。

　　第三十條　各級各類學(xué)校應(yīng)當(dāng)把應(yīng)急知識(shí)教育納入教學(xué)內(nèi)容，對學(xué)生進(jìn)行應(yīng)急知識(shí)教育，培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的安全意識(shí)和自救與互救能力。

　　教育主管部門應(yīng)當(dāng)對學(xué)校開展應(yīng)急知識(shí)教育進(jìn)行指導(dǎo)和監(jiān)督。

　　第三十一條　國務(wù)院和縣級以上地方各級人民政府應(yīng)當(dāng)采取財(cái)政措施，保障突發(fā)事件應(yīng)對工作所需經(jīng)費(fèi)。

　　第三十二條　國家建立健全應(yīng)急物資儲(chǔ)備保障制度，完善重要應(yīng)急物資的監(jiān)管、生產(chǎn)、儲(chǔ)備、調(diào)撥和緊急配送體系。

　　設(shè)區(qū)的市級以上人民政府和突發(fā)事件易發(fā)、多發(fā)地區(qū)的縣級人民政府應(yīng)當(dāng)建立應(yīng)急救援物資、生活必需品和應(yīng)急處置裝備的儲(chǔ)備制度。

　　縣級以上地方各級人民政府應(yīng)當(dāng)根據(jù)本地區(qū)的實(shí)際情況，與有關(guān)企業(yè)簽訂協(xié)議，保障應(yīng)急救援物資、生活必需品和應(yīng)急處置裝備的生產(chǎn)、供給。

　　第三十三條　國家建立健全應(yīng)急通信保障體系，完善公用通信網(wǎng)，建立有線與無線相結(jié)合、基礎(chǔ)電信網(wǎng)絡(luò)與機(jī)動(dòng)通信系統(tǒng)相配套的應(yīng)急通信系統(tǒng)，確保突發(fā)事件應(yīng)對工作的通信暢通。

　　第三十四條　國家鼓勵(lì)公民、法人和其他組織為人民政府應(yīng)對突發(fā)事件工作提供物資、資金、技術(shù)支持和捐贈(zèng)。

　　第三十五條　國家發(fā)展保險(xiǎn)事業(yè)，建立國家財(cái)政支持的巨災(zāi)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)保險(xiǎn)體系，并鼓勵(lì)單位和公民參加保險(xiǎn)。

　　第三十六條　國家鼓勵(lì)、扶持具備相應(yīng)條　件的教學(xué)科研機(jī)構(gòu)培養(yǎng)應(yīng)急管理專門人才，鼓勵(lì)、扶持教學(xué)科研機(jī)構(gòu)和有關(guān)企業(yè)研究開發(fā)用于突發(fā)事件預(yù)防、監(jiān)測、預(yù)警、應(yīng)急處置與救援的新技術(shù)、新設(shè)備和新工具。

第三章　監(jiān)測與預(yù)警

　　第三十七條　國務(wù)院建立全國統(tǒng)一的突發(fā)事件信息系統(tǒng)。

　　縣級以上地方各級人民政府應(yīng)當(dāng)建立或者確定本地區(qū)統(tǒng)一的突發(fā)事件信息系統(tǒng)，匯集、儲(chǔ)存、分析、傳輸有關(guān)突發(fā)事件的信息，并與上級人民政府及其有關(guān)部門、下級人民政府及其有關(guān)部門、專業(yè)機(jī)構(gòu)和監(jiān)測網(wǎng)點(diǎn)的突發(fā)事件信息系統(tǒng)實(shí)現(xiàn)互聯(lián)互通，加強(qiáng)跨部門、跨地區(qū)的信息交流與情報(bào)合作。

　　第三十八條　縣級以上人民政府及其有關(guān)部門、專業(yè)機(jī)構(gòu)應(yīng)當(dāng)通過多種途徑收集突發(fā)事件信息。

　　縣級人民政府應(yīng)當(dāng)在居民委員會(huì)、村民委員會(huì)和有關(guān)單位建立專職或者兼職信息報(bào)告員制度。

　　獲悉突發(fā)事件信息的公民、法人或者其他組織，應(yīng)當(dāng)立即向所在地人民政府、有關(guān)主管部門或者指定的專業(yè)機(jī)構(gòu)報(bào)告。

　　第三十九條　地方各級人民政府應(yīng)當(dāng)按照國家有關(guān)規(guī)定向上級人民政府報(bào)送突發(fā)事件信息?？h級以上人民政府有關(guān)主管部門應(yīng)當(dāng)向本級人民政府相關(guān)部門通報(bào)突發(fā)事件信息。專業(yè)機(jī)構(gòu)、監(jiān)測網(wǎng)點(diǎn)和信息報(bào)告員應(yīng)當(dāng)及時(shí)向所在地人民政府及其有關(guān)主管部門報(bào)告突發(fā)事件信息。

　　有關(guān)單位和人員報(bào)送、報(bào)告突發(fā)事件信息，應(yīng)當(dāng)做到及時(shí)、客觀、真實(shí)，不得遲報(bào)、謊報(bào)、瞞報(bào)、漏報(bào)。

　　第四十條　縣級以上地方各級人民政府應(yīng)當(dāng)及時(shí)匯總分析突發(fā)事件隱患和預(yù)警信息，必要時(shí)組織相關(guān)部門、專業(yè)技術(shù)人員、專家學(xué)者進(jìn)行會(huì)商，對發(fā)生突發(fā)事件的可能性及其可能造成的影響進(jìn)行評估；認(rèn)為可能發(fā)生重大或者特別重大突發(fā)事件的，應(yīng)當(dāng)立即向上級人民政府報(bào)告，并向上級人民政府有關(guān)部門、當(dāng)?shù)伛v軍和可能受到危害的毗鄰或者相關(guān)地區(qū)的人民政府通報(bào)。

　　第四十一條　國家建立健全突發(fā)事件監(jiān)測制度。

　　縣級以上人民政府及其有關(guān)部門應(yīng)當(dāng)根據(jù)自然災(zāi)害、事故災(zāi)難和公共衛(wèi)生事件的種類和特點(diǎn)，建立健全基礎(chǔ)信息數(shù)據(jù)庫，完善監(jiān)測網(wǎng)絡(luò)，劃分監(jiān)測區(qū)域，確定監(jiān)測點(diǎn)，明確監(jiān)測項(xiàng)目，提供必要的設(shè)備、設(shè)施，配備專職或者兼職人員，對可能發(fā)生的突發(fā)事件進(jìn)行監(jiān)測。

　　第四十二條　國家建立健全突發(fā)事件預(yù)警制度。

　　可以預(yù)警的自然災(zāi)害、事故災(zāi)難和公共衛(wèi)生事件的預(yù)警級別，按照突發(fā)事件發(fā)生的緊急程度、發(fā)展勢態(tài)和可能造成的危害程度分為一級、二級、三級和四級，分別用紅色、橙色、黃色和藍(lán)色標(biāo)示，一級為最高級別。

　　預(yù)警級別的劃分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)由國務(wù)院或者國務(wù)院確定的部門制定。

　　第四十三條　可以預(yù)警的自然災(zāi)害、事故災(zāi)難或者公共衛(wèi)生事件即將發(fā)生或者發(fā)生的可能性增大時(shí)，縣級以上地方各級人民政府應(yīng)當(dāng)根據(jù)有關(guān)法律、行政法規(guī)和國務(wù)院規(guī)定的權(quán)限和程序，發(fā)布相應(yīng)級別的警報(bào)，決定并宣布有關(guān)地區(qū)進(jìn)入預(yù)警期，同時(shí)向上一級人民政府報(bào)告，必要時(shí)可以越級上報(bào)，并向當(dāng)?shù)伛v軍和可能受到危害的毗鄰或者相關(guān)地區(qū)的人民政府通報(bào)。

　　第四十四條　發(fā)布三級、四級警報(bào)，宣布進(jìn)入預(yù)警期后，縣級以上地方各級人民政府應(yīng)當(dāng)根據(jù)即將發(fā)生的突發(fā)事件的特點(diǎn)和可能造成的危害，采取下列措施：

　?。ㄒ唬﹩?dòng)應(yīng)急預(yù)案；

　?。ǘ┴?zé)令有關(guān)部門、專業(yè)機(jī)構(gòu)、監(jiān)測網(wǎng)點(diǎn)和負(fù)有特定職責(zé)的人員及時(shí)收集、報(bào)告有關(guān)信息，向社會(huì)公布反映突發(fā)事件信息的渠道，加強(qiáng)對突發(fā)事件發(fā)生、發(fā)展情況的監(jiān)測、預(yù)報(bào)和預(yù)警工作；

　?。ㄈ┙M織有關(guān)部門和機(jī)構(gòu)、專業(yè)技術(shù)人員、有關(guān)專家學(xué)者，隨時(shí)對突發(fā)事件信息進(jìn)行分析評估，預(yù)測發(fā)生突發(fā)事件可能性的大小、影響范圍和強(qiáng)度以及可能發(fā)生的突發(fā)事件的級別；

　?。ㄋ模┒〞r(shí)向社會(huì)發(fā)布與公眾有關(guān)的突發(fā)事件預(yù)測信息和分析評估結(jié)果，并對相關(guān)信息的報(bào)道工作進(jìn)行管理；

　?。ㄎ澹┘皶r(shí)按照有關(guān)規(guī)定向社會(huì)發(fā)布可能受到突發(fā)事件危害的警告，宣傳避免、減輕危害的常識(shí)，公布咨詢電話。

　　第四十五條　發(fā)布一級、二級警報(bào)，宣布進(jìn)入預(yù)警期后，縣級以上地方各級人民政府除采取本法第四十四條規(guī)定的措施外，還應(yīng)當(dāng)針對即將發(fā)生的突發(fā)事件的特點(diǎn)和可能造成的危害，采取下列一項(xiàng)或者多項(xiàng)措施：

　?。ㄒ唬┴?zé)令應(yīng)急救援隊(duì)伍、負(fù)有特定職責(zé)的人員進(jìn)入待命狀態(tài)，并動(dòng)員后備人員做好參加應(yīng)急救援和處置工作的準(zhǔn)備；

　?。ǘ┱{(diào)集應(yīng)急救援所需物資、設(shè)備、工具，準(zhǔn)備應(yīng)急設(shè)施和避難場所，并確保其處于良好狀態(tài)、隨時(shí)可以投入正常使用；

　?。ㄈ┘訌?qiáng)對重點(diǎn)單位、重要部位和重要基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施的安全保衛(wèi)，維護(hù)社會(huì)治安秩序；

　?。ㄋ模┎扇”匾胧?，確保交通、通信、供水、排水、供電、供氣、供熱等公共設(shè)施的安全和正常運(yùn)行；

　　（五）及時(shí)向社會(huì)發(fā)布有關(guān)采取特定措施避免或者減輕危害的建議、勸告；

　　（六）轉(zhuǎn)移、疏散或者撤離易受突發(fā)事件危害的人員并予以妥善安置，轉(zhuǎn)移重要財(cái)產(chǎn)；

　?。ㄆ撸╆P(guān)閉或者限制使用易受突發(fā)事件危害的場所，控制或者限制容易導(dǎo)致危害擴(kuò)大的公共場所的活動(dòng)；

　　（八）法律、法規(guī)、規(guī)章規(guī)定的其他必要的防范性、保護(hù)性措施。

　　第四十六條　對即將發(fā)生或者已經(jīng)發(fā)生的社會(huì)安全事件，縣級以上地方各級人民政府及其有關(guān)主管部門應(yīng)當(dāng)按照規(guī)定向上一級人民政府及其有關(guān)主管部門報(bào)告，必要時(shí)可以越級上報(bào)。

　　第四十七條　發(fā)布突發(fā)事件警報(bào)的人民政府應(yīng)當(dāng)根據(jù)事態(tài)的發(fā)展，按照有關(guān)規(guī)定適時(shí)調(diào)整預(yù)警級別并重新發(fā)布。

　　有事實(shí)證明不可能發(fā)生突發(fā)事件或者危險(xiǎn)已經(jīng)解除的，發(fā)布警報(bào)的人民政府應(yīng)當(dāng)立即宣布解除警報(bào)，終止預(yù)警期，并解除已經(jīng)采取的有關(guān)措施。

第四章　應(yīng)急處置與救援

　　第四十八條　突發(fā)事件發(fā)生后，履行統(tǒng)一領(lǐng)導(dǎo)職責(zé)或者組織處置突發(fā)事件的人民政府應(yīng)當(dāng)針對其性質(zhì)、特點(diǎn)和危害程度，立即組織有關(guān)部門，調(diào)動(dòng)應(yīng)急救援隊(duì)伍和社會(huì)力量，依照本章的規(guī)定和有關(guān)法律、法規(guī)、規(guī)章的規(guī)定采取應(yīng)急處置措施。

　　第四十九條　自然災(zāi)害、事故災(zāi)難或者公共衛(wèi)生事件發(fā)生后，履行統(tǒng)一領(lǐng)導(dǎo)職責(zé)的人民政府可以采取下列一項(xiàng)或者多項(xiàng)應(yīng)急處置措施：

　?。ㄒ唬┙M織營救和救治受害人員，疏散、撤離并妥善安置受到威脅的人員以及采取其他救助措施；

　?。ǘ┭杆倏刂莆ｋU(xiǎn)源，標(biāo)明危險(xiǎn)區(qū)域，封鎖危險(xiǎn)場所，劃定警戒區(qū)，實(shí)行交通管制以及其他控制措施；

　?。ㄈ┝⒓磽屝薇粨p壞的交通、通信、供水、排水、供電、供氣、供熱等公共設(shè)施，向受到危害的人員提供避難場所和生活必需品，實(shí)施醫(yī)療救護(hù)和衛(wèi)生防疫以及其他保障措施；

　?。ㄋ模┙够蛘呦拗剖褂糜嘘P(guān)設(shè)備、設(shè)施，關(guān)閉或者限制使用有關(guān)場所，中止人員密集的活動(dòng)或者可能導(dǎo)致危害擴(kuò)大的生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營活動(dòng)以及采取其他保護(hù)措施；

　?。ㄎ澹﹩⒂帽炯壢嗣裾O(shè)置的財(cái)政預(yù)備費(fèi)和儲(chǔ)備的應(yīng)急救援物資，必要時(shí)調(diào)用其他急需物資、設(shè)備、設(shè)施、工具；

　?。┙M織公民參加應(yīng)急救援和處置工作，要求具有特定專長的人員提供服務(wù)；

　?。ㄆ撸┍Ｕ鲜称贰嬘盟?、燃料等基本生活必需品的供應(yīng)；

　　（八）依法從嚴(yán)懲處囤積居奇、哄抬物價(jià)、制假售假等擾亂市場秩序的行為，穩(wěn)定市場價(jià)格，維護(hù)市場秩序；

　　（九）依法從嚴(yán)懲處哄搶財(cái)物、干擾破壞應(yīng)急處置工作等擾亂社會(huì)秩序的行為，維護(hù)社會(huì)治安；

　?。ㄊ┎扇》乐拱l(fā)生次生、衍生事件的必要措施。

　　第五十條　社會(huì)安全事件發(fā)生后，組織處置工作的人民政府應(yīng)當(dāng)立即組織有關(guān)部門并由公安機(jī)關(guān)針對事件的性質(zhì)和特點(diǎn)，依照有關(guān)法律、行政法規(guī)和國家其他有關(guān)規(guī)定，采取下列一項(xiàng)或者多項(xiàng)應(yīng)急處置措施：

　?。ㄒ唬?qiáng)制隔離使用器械相互對抗或者以暴力行為參與沖突的當(dāng)事人，妥善解決現(xiàn)場糾紛和爭端，控制事態(tài)發(fā)展；

　　（二）對特定區(qū)域內(nèi)的建筑物、交通工具、設(shè)備、設(shè)施以及燃料、燃?xì)?、電力、水的供?yīng)進(jìn)行控制；

　?。ㄈ┓怄i有關(guān)場所、道路，查驗(yàn)現(xiàn)場人員的身份證件，限制有關(guān)公共場所內(nèi)的活動(dòng)；

　?。ㄋ模┘訌?qiáng)對易受沖擊的核心機(jī)關(guān)和單位的警衛(wèi)，在國家機(jī)關(guān)、軍事機(jī)關(guān)、國家通訊社、廣播電臺(tái)、電視臺(tái)、外國駐華使領(lǐng)館等單位附近設(shè)置臨時(shí)警戒線；

　?。ㄎ澹┓?、行政法規(guī)和國務(wù)院規(guī)定的其他必要措施。

　　嚴(yán)重危害社會(huì)治安秩序的事件發(fā)生時(shí)，公安機(jī)關(guān)應(yīng)當(dāng)立即依法出動(dòng)警力，根據(jù)現(xiàn)場情況依法采取相應(yīng)的強(qiáng)制性措施，盡快使社會(huì)秩序恢復(fù)正常。

　　第五十一條　發(fā)生突發(fā)事件，嚴(yán)重影響國民經(jīng)濟(jì)正常運(yùn)行時(shí)，國務(wù)院或者國務(wù)院授權(quán)的有關(guān)主管部門可以采取保障、控制等必要的應(yīng)急措施，保障人民群眾的基本生活需要，最大限度地減輕突發(fā)事件的影響。

　　第五十二條　履行統(tǒng)一領(lǐng)導(dǎo)職責(zé)或者組織處置突發(fā)事件的人民政府，必要時(shí)可以向單位和個(gè)人征用應(yīng)急救援所需設(shè)備、設(shè)施、場地、交通工具和其他物資，請求其他地方人民政府提供人力、物力、財(cái)力或者技術(shù)支援，要求生產(chǎn)、供應(yīng)生活必需品和應(yīng)急救援物資的企業(yè)組織生產(chǎn)、保證供給，要求提供醫(yī)療、交通等公共服務(wù)的組織提供相應(yīng)的服務(wù)。

　　履行統(tǒng)一領(lǐng)導(dǎo)職責(zé)或者組織處置突發(fā)事件的人民政府，應(yīng)當(dāng)組織協(xié)調(diào)運(yùn)輸經(jīng)營單位，優(yōu)先運(yùn)送處置突發(fā)事件所需物資、設(shè)備、工具、應(yīng)急救援人員和受到突發(fā)事件危害的人員。

　　第五十三條　履行統(tǒng)一領(lǐng)導(dǎo)職責(zé)或者組織處置突發(fā)事件的人民政府，應(yīng)當(dāng)按照有關(guān)規(guī)定統(tǒng)一、準(zhǔn)確、及時(shí)發(fā)布有關(guān)突發(fā)事件事態(tài)發(fā)展和應(yīng)急處置工作的信息。

　　第五十四條　任何單位和個(gè)人不得編造、傳播有關(guān)突發(fā)事件事態(tài)發(fā)展或者應(yīng)急處置工作的虛假信息。

　　第五十五條　突發(fā)事件發(fā)生地的居民委員會(huì)、村民委員會(huì)和其他組織應(yīng)當(dāng)按照當(dāng)?shù)厝嗣裾臎Q定、命令，進(jìn)行宣傳動(dòng)員，組織群眾開展自救和互救，協(xié)助維護(hù)社會(huì)秩序。

　　第五十六條　受到自然災(zāi)害危害或者發(fā)生事故災(zāi)難、公共衛(wèi)生事件的單位，應(yīng)當(dāng)立即組織本單位應(yīng)急救援隊(duì)伍和工作人員營救受害人員，疏散、撤離、安置受到威脅的人員，控制危險(xiǎn)源，標(biāo)明危險(xiǎn)區(qū)域，封鎖危險(xiǎn)場所，并采取其他防止危害擴(kuò)大的必要措施，同時(shí)向所在地縣級人民政府報(bào)告；對因本單位的問題引發(fā)的或者主體是本單位人員的社會(huì)安全事件，有關(guān)單位應(yīng)當(dāng)按照規(guī)定上報(bào)情況，并迅速派出負(fù)責(zé)人趕赴現(xiàn)場開展勸解、疏導(dǎo)工作。

　　突發(fā)事件發(fā)生地的其他單位應(yīng)當(dāng)服從人民政府發(fā)布的決定、命令，配合人民政府采取的應(yīng)急處置措施，做好本單位的應(yīng)急救援工作，并積極組織人員參加所在地的應(yīng)急救援和處置工作。

　　第五十七條　突發(fā)事件發(fā)生地的公民應(yīng)當(dāng)服從人民政府、居民委員會(huì)、村民委員會(huì)或者所屬單位的指揮和安排，配合人民政府采取的應(yīng)急處置措施，積極參加應(yīng)急救援工作，協(xié)助維護(hù)社會(huì)秩序。

第五章　事后恢復(fù)與重建

　　第五十八條　突發(fā)事件的威脅和危害得到控制或者消除后，履行統(tǒng)一領(lǐng)導(dǎo)職責(zé)或者組織處置突發(fā)事件的人民政府應(yīng)當(dāng)停止執(zhí)行依照本法規(guī)定采取的應(yīng)急處置措施，同時(shí)采取或者繼續(xù)實(shí)施必要措施，防止發(fā)生自然災(zāi)害、事故災(zāi)難、公共衛(wèi)生事件的次生、衍生事件或者重新引發(fā)社會(huì)安全事件。

　　第五十九條　突發(fā)事件應(yīng)急處置工作結(jié)束后，履行統(tǒng)一領(lǐng)導(dǎo)職責(zé)的人民政府應(yīng)當(dāng)立即組織對突發(fā)事件造成的損失進(jìn)行評估，組織受影響地區(qū)盡快恢復(fù)生產(chǎn)、生活、工作和社會(huì)秩序，制定恢復(fù)重建計(jì)劃，并向上一級人民政府報(bào)告。

　　受突發(fā)事件影響地區(qū)的人民政府應(yīng)當(dāng)及時(shí)組織和協(xié)調(diào)公安、交通、鐵路、民航、郵電、建設(shè)等有關(guān)部門恢復(fù)社會(huì)治安秩序，盡快修復(fù)被損壞的交通、通信、供水、排水、供電、供氣、供熱等公共設(shè)施。

　　第六十條　受突發(fā)事件影響地區(qū)的人民政府開展恢復(fù)重建工作需要上一級人民政府支持的，可以向上一級人民政府提出請求。上一級人民政府應(yīng)當(dāng)根據(jù)受影響地區(qū)遭受的損失和實(shí)際情況，提供資金、物資支持和技術(shù)指導(dǎo)，組織其他地區(qū)提供資金、物資和人力支援。

　　第六十一條　國務(wù)院根據(jù)受突發(fā)事件影響地區(qū)遭受損失的情況，制定扶持該地區(qū)有關(guān)行業(yè)發(fā)展的優(yōu)惠政策。

　　受突發(fā)事件影響地區(qū)的人民政府應(yīng)當(dāng)根據(jù)本地區(qū)遭受損失的情況，制定救助、補(bǔ)償、撫慰、撫恤、安置等善后工作計(jì)劃并組織實(shí)施，妥善解決因處置突發(fā)事件引發(fā)的矛盾和糾紛。

　　公民參加應(yīng)急救援工作或者協(xié)助維護(hù)社會(huì)秩序期間，其在本單位的工資待遇和福利不變；表現(xiàn)突出、成績顯著的，由縣級以上人民政府給予表彰或者獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。

　　縣級以上人民政府對在應(yīng)急救援工作中傷亡的人員依法給予撫恤。

　　第六十二條　履行統(tǒng)一領(lǐng)導(dǎo)職責(zé)的人民政府應(yīng)當(dāng)及時(shí)查明突發(fā)事件的發(fā)生經(jīng)過和原因，總結(jié)突發(fā)事件應(yīng)急處置工作的經(jīng)驗(yàn)教訓(xùn)，制定改進(jìn)措施，并向上一級人民政府提出報(bào)告。

第六章　法律責(zé)任

　　第六十三條　地方各級人民政府和縣級以上各級人民政府有關(guān)部門違反本法規(guī)定，不履行法定職責(zé)的，由其上級行政機(jī)關(guān)或者監(jiān)察機(jī)關(guān)責(zé)令改正；有下列情形之一的，根據(jù)情節(jié)對直接負(fù)責(zé)的主管人員和其他直接責(zé)任人員依法給予處分：

　?。ㄒ唬┪窗匆?guī)定采取預(yù)防措施，導(dǎo)致發(fā)生突發(fā)事件，或者未采取必要的防范措施，導(dǎo)致發(fā)生次生、衍生事件的；

　?。ǘ┻t報(bào)、謊報(bào)、瞞報(bào)、漏報(bào)有關(guān)突發(fā)事件的信息，或者通報(bào)、報(bào)送、公布虛假信息，造成后果的；

　?。ㄈ┪窗匆?guī)定及時(shí)發(fā)布突發(fā)事件警報(bào)、采取預(yù)警期的措施，導(dǎo)致?lián)p害發(fā)生的；

　?。ㄋ模┪窗匆?guī)定及時(shí)采取措施處置突發(fā)事件或者處置不當(dāng)，造成后果的；

　?。ㄎ澹┎环纳霞壢嗣裾畬ν话l(fā)事件應(yīng)急處置工作的統(tǒng)一領(lǐng)導(dǎo)、指揮和協(xié)調(diào)的；

　?。┪醇皶r(shí)組織開展生產(chǎn)自救、恢復(fù)重建等善后工作的；

　?。ㄆ撸┙亓簟⑴灿?、私分或者變相私分應(yīng)急救援資金、物資的；

　　（八）不及時(shí)歸還征用的單位和個(gè)人的財(cái)產(chǎn)，或者對被征用財(cái)產(chǎn)的單位和個(gè)人不按規(guī)定給予補(bǔ)償?shù)摹?/span>

　　第六十四條　有關(guān)單位有下列情形之一的，由所在地履行統(tǒng)一領(lǐng)導(dǎo)職責(zé)的人民政府責(zé)令停產(chǎn)停業(yè)，暫扣或者吊銷許可證或者營業(yè)執(zhí)照，并處五萬元以上二十萬元以下的罰款；構(gòu)成違反治安管理行為的，由公安機(jī)關(guān)依法給予處罰：

　　（一）未按規(guī)定采取預(yù)防措施，導(dǎo)致發(fā)生嚴(yán)重突發(fā)事件的；

　?。ǘ┪醇皶r(shí)消除已發(fā)現(xiàn)的可能引發(fā)突發(fā)事件的隱患，導(dǎo)致發(fā)生嚴(yán)重突發(fā)事件的；

　?。ㄈ┪醋龊脩?yīng)急設(shè)備、設(shè)施日常維護(hù)、檢測工作，導(dǎo)致發(fā)生嚴(yán)重突發(fā)事件或者突發(fā)事件危害擴(kuò)大的；

　?。ㄋ模┩话l(fā)事件發(fā)生后，不及時(shí)組織開展應(yīng)急救援工作，造成嚴(yán)重后果的。

　　前款規(guī)定的行為，其他法律、行政法規(guī)規(guī)定由人民政府有關(guān)部門依法決定處罰的，從其規(guī)定。

　　第六十五條　違反本法規(guī)定，編造并傳播有關(guān)突發(fā)事件事態(tài)發(fā)展或者應(yīng)急處置工作的虛假信息，或者明知是有關(guān)突發(fā)事件事態(tài)發(fā)展或者應(yīng)急處置工作的虛假信息而進(jìn)行傳播的，責(zé)令改正，給予警告；造成嚴(yán)重后果的，依法暫停其業(yè)務(wù)活動(dòng)或者吊銷其執(zhí)業(yè)許可證；負(fù)有直接責(zé)任的人員是國家工作人員的，還應(yīng)當(dāng)對其依法給予處分；構(gòu)成違反治安管理行為的，由公安機(jī)關(guān)依法給予處罰。

　　第六十六條　單位或者個(gè)人違反本法規(guī)定，不服從所在地人民政府及其有關(guān)部門發(fā)布的決定、命令或者不配合其依法采取的措施，構(gòu)成違反治安管理行為的，由公安機(jī)關(guān)依法給予處罰。

　　第六十七條　單位或者個(gè)人違反本法規(guī)定，導(dǎo)致突發(fā)事件發(fā)生或者危害擴(kuò)大，給他人人身、財(cái)產(chǎn)造成損害的，應(yīng)當(dāng)依法承擔(dān)民事責(zé)任。

　　第六十八條　違反本法規(guī)定，構(gòu)成犯罪的，依法追究刑事責(zé)任。

第七章　附則

　　第六十九條　發(fā)生特別重大突發(fā)事件，對人民生命財(cái)產(chǎn)安全、國家安全、公共安全、環(huán)境安全或者社會(huì)秩序構(gòu)成重大威脅，采取本法和其他有關(guān)法律、法規(guī)、規(guī)章規(guī)定的應(yīng)急處置措施不能消除或者有效控制、減輕其嚴(yán)重社會(huì)危害，需要進(jìn)入緊急狀態(tài)的，由全國人民代表大會(huì)常務(wù)委員會(huì)或者國務(wù)院依照憲法和其他有關(guān)法律規(guī)定的權(quán)限和程序決定。

　　緊急狀態(tài)期間采取的非常措施，依照有關(guān)法律規(guī)定執(zhí)行或者由全國人民代表大會(huì)常務(wù)委員會(huì)另行規(guī)定。

　　第七十條　本法自2007年11月1日起施行。

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

附件：

中華人民共和國突發(fā)事件應(yīng)對法 Emergency Response Law of the People's Republic of China 

 

 

頒布日期：20070830 　實(shí)施日期：20071101 　頒布單位：全國人大常委會(huì)  

 

　　Order of the President of the People’s Republic of China

　　No. 69

　　The Emergency Response Law of the People’s Republic of China, adopted at the 29th Meeting of the Standing Committee of the Tenth National People’s Congress of the People’s Republic of China on August 30, 2007, is hereby promulgated and shall go into effect as of November 1, 2007.

　　Hu Jintao

　　President of the People’s Republic of China

　　August 30, 2007

　　Emergency Response Law of the People’s Republic of China

　　(Adopted at the 29th Meeting of the Standing Committee of the Tenth National People’s Congress on August 30, 2007)

　　Contents

　　Chapter I General Provisions

　　Chapter II Prevention of, and Preparation for Response to, Emergencies

　　Chapter III Monitoring and Early Warning

　　Chapter IV Emergency Handling, and Rescue and Relief

　　Chapter V Post-Emergency Rehabilitation and Reconstruction

　　Chapter VI Legal Liability

　　Chapter VII Supplementary Provisions

　　Chapter I General Provisions

　　Article 1 This Law is enacted for the purpose of preventing and reducing the occurrence of emergencies, controlling, mitigating and eliminating the serious social harm caused by emergencies, regulating the activities in response to emergencies, protecting the lives and property of the people, and maintaining national security, public security, environmental safety and public order.

　　Article 2 This Law is applicable to prevention of and preparation for response to emergencies, monitoring and early warning, emergency handling, rescue and relief, and post-emergency rehabilitation and reconstruction, and other activities in response to emergencies.

　　Article 3 For the purposes of this Law, emergencies include natural disasters, calamitous accidents, public health accidents and public security incidents, which occur abruptly and cause or may potentially cause serious social harm and for which measures for handling emergencies need to be adopted.

　　According to the degree of social harm done and the extent of repercussions and other factors, calamitous accidents and public health accidents are classified in four grades: especially serious, serious, relatively serious and common. Where laws, administrative regulations or regulations of the State Council provide otherwise, the provisions there shall prevail.

　　The standards for classifying the grades of emergencies shall be formulated by the State Council or the department designated by the State Council.

　　Article 4 The State establishes a system for administration of emergency response, which is characterized by unified leadership, all-round coordination, control according to grades, responsibility at different levels and, chiefly, territorial jurisdiction.

　　Article 5 The principle of giving priority to prevention and combining prevention with emergency response shall be adhered to in coping with emergencies. The State establishes a risk assessment system for serious emergencies, in order to make comprehensive assessment of potential emergencies, reduce the chance of their occurrence and mitigate their repercussions to the maximum extent.

　　Article 6 The State establishes an effective social mobilization mechanism, enhances all citizens’ awareness of the importance of public security and risk prevention, and helps increase the ability of the entire society to avoid risks and give assistance.

　　Article 7 The people’s governments at the county level shall be responsible for responding to emergencies which occur within their own administrative areas; where two or more administrative areas are involved in an emergency, the people’s government at the next higher level, which the people’s governments of the said administrative areas are subordinate to, shall assume responsibility, or the people’s governments at the next higher level of the respective people’s governments of the said administrative areas shall jointly assume responsibility.

　　After an emergency occurs, the people’s government at the county level at the place where the emergency occurs shall, take immediate measures to keep the development of the situation under control, organize efforts for emergency rescue, relief and handling and, without delay, report the matter to the people’s government at the next higher level or, when necessary, do so by bypassing the people’s government at the next higher level.

　　Where the people’s government at the county level at the place where an emergency occurs is unable to eliminate or keep under effective control the serious social harm caused by the emergency, it shall, in a timely manner, report the matter to the people’s government at a higher level, which shall take timely measures and exercise unified leadership in handling the emergency.

　　Where laws or administrative regulations provide that the relevant department of the State Council should take charge of responding to an emergency, such provisions shall prevail; and the local people’s governments shall cooperate in a proactive way and provide the necessary support. Article 8 The State Council shall, under the leadership of the Premier, study, decide on, and make deployment for, response to especially serious emergencies; it shall, in light of actual need, establish a national command for emergency response, which shall be responsible for work in this respect; and when necessary, it may send a work team to guide the relevant work.

　　Every local people’s government at or above the county level shall establish a command for emergency response, which is composed of the principal leading persons of the said government, the leading persons of the departments concerned and the relevant leading persons of the units of the Chinese People’s Liberation Army and of the People’s Armed Police Force stationed there, to exercise unified leadership and coordinate the efforts of the relevant departments of the said people’s government and the people’s governments at lower levels in responding to emergencies; and it shall, in light of actual need, establish commands commensurate with the specific grades of emergencies, which shall organize, coordinate and direct the work in this respect.

　　The competent departments of the people’s government at a higher level shall, within the limits of their respective duties, give guidance and assistance to the people’s governments at lower levels and their relevant departments in making a success of the response to emergencies.

　　Article 9 The State Council and the local people’s governments at or above the county level shall be the leading administrative organs for response to emergencies, and their working bodies and specific duties of such bodies shall be defined by the State Council.

　　Article 10 The decisions made and orders issued by the relevant people’s government and its departments in response to emergencies shall be made known to the public in a timely manner.

　　Article 11 The measures taken by the relevant people’s government and its departments in response to an emergency shall be commensurate with the nature, seriousness and extent of the social harm that may be caused by the emergency; and where there are more than one options available for choice, the one that is advantageous to protection of the rights and interests of citizens, legal persons and other organizations to the maximum extent shall be chosen.

　　Citizens, legal persons and other organizations shall be obligated to participate in responding to emergencies.

　　Article 12 To respond to an emergency, the relevant people’s government and its departments may expropriate the property of units and individuals. After the use of the expropriated property or completion of the handling of the emergency, the property shall be returned to the owner in a timely manner. Where property is expropriated or the expropriated property is damaged or lost, compensation shall be made therefor.

　　Article 13 Where litigation, administrative reconsideration or arbitration cannot be conducted normally because of the adoption of emergency response measures, the provisions on suspension of limitation period or of proceedings shall apply, unless otherwise provided for by law.

　　Article 14 The Chinese People’s Liberation Army, the Chinese People’s Armed Police Force and the militia shall participate in emergency rescue, relief and handling in accordance with the provisions of this Law and of the relevant laws, administrative regulations and military regulations, as well as the orders issued by the State Council and the Central Military Commission.

　　Article 15 The Government of the People’s Republic of China shall carry out cooperation and exchange with the governments of other countries and the international organizations concerned in matters of emergency prevention, monitoring, early warning, emergency handling, rescue and relief, and post-emergency rehabilitation and reconstruction.

　　Article 16 The decisions made and orders issued by the people’s government at or above the county level in response to an emergency shall be submitted for the record to the standing committee of the people’s congress at the corresponding level; and after handling of the emergency is completed, the said government shall make a special report on the work to the said standing committee.

　　Chapter II Prevention of, and Preparation for Response to, Emergencies

　　Article 17 The State establishes a sound precautionary system for emergency response.

　　The State Council shall be responsible for making the overall precautionary plans in response to national emergencies and organizing the making of special precaution plans in response to specific national emergencies; and the relevant departments of the State Council shall, in compliance with their respective duties and the relevant precautionary plans made by the State Council, be responsible for making their departmental precautionary plans in response to national emergencies.

　　Local people’s governments at all levels and the relevant departments of the local people’s governments at or above the county level shall, in accordance with the relevant laws, regulations, rules, and the precautionary plans in response to emergencies made by the people’s governments at higher levels and their relevant departments and in light of the actual local conditions, make appropriate precautionary plans in response to emergencies.

　　The authority making precautionary plans in response to emergencies shall make timely modification of the same according to actual needs and changes in the situation. The procedures for making and modifying precautionary plans in response to emergencies shall be formulated by the State Council.

　　Article 18 In a precautionary plan in response to an emergency shall, in accordance with the provisions of this Law and the relevant laws and regulations and in light of the nature and characteristics of the emergency and the potential social harm it may caused, be specified the organizational setup of command in response to the emergency and the duties of administration, the mechanism for prevention and early warning, the procedure for emergency handling, the guarantee measures for emergency response, the measures for post-emergency rehabilitation and reconstruction, etc.

　　Article 19 Urban or rural planning shall meet the need for prevention and handling of an emergency, overall arrangement shall be made for the equipment and infrastructure necessitated for emergency response, and the sites of shelters for emergency shall be rationally located.

　　Article 20 The people’s government at the county level shall, within its administrative area, check and register the sources of danger, which are liable to give rise to natural disasters, calamitous accidents and public health accidents, and the dangerous areas, assess the risks, regularly inspect and monitor such sources and areas, and order the units concerned to take safety and prevention measures.

　　The people’s government of a province or of a city divided into districts shall, within its administrative area, check and register the sources of danger, which are liable to give rise to especially serious or serious emergencies, and the dangerous areas, and assess the risks, organize inspection and monitoring of such sources and areas, and order the units concerned to take safety and prevention measures.

　　The sources of danger and the dangerous areas registered according to the provisions of this Law by the local people’s governments at or above the county level shall, in accordance with State regulations, be made known to the public in a timely manner.

　　Article 21 The people’s governments at the county level and their relevant departments, the people’s governments at the township level, the neighbourhood offices, the residents’ committees and the villagers’ committees shall, in a timely manner, mediate and handle the conflicts and disputes which may cause incidents endangering public security.

　　Article 22 Every unit shall establish a sound safety control system, regularly inspect the implementation of all its safety and prevention measures, and eliminate the hidden dangers in a timely manner; it shall grasp the problems existing in the unit which may cause incidents endangering public security and deal with them in a timely manner, in order to prevent the conflicts from intensifying and the situation from going out of control; and it shall report, in a timely manner and as required, the emergency which may occur in the unit and the safety and prevention measures taken therefor to the people’s government or its relevant department at the place where the unit is located. Article 23 Mines, construction units, and the units manufacturing, distributing, storing, transporting or using such hazardous articles as inflammable and explosive substances, hazardous chemicals and radioactive substances shall make precautionary plans in response to specific emergencies, conduct screening inspection of the production and business premises and the buildings and structures where hazardous articles are placed and the peripheries, to see if there are hidden dangers, and take timely measures to eliminate them, if any, in order to prevent the occurrence of emergencies.

 

　　Article 24 The units that operate or manage public means of transportation, public places or other places with a high concentration of people shall make precautionary plans in response to specific emergencies, install alarm devices and the necessary emergency rescue and relief equipment and facilities on the means of transportation and in the relevant places, clearly indicate their usage, mark the passages and routes for safe evacuation, and ensure that the safety passages and exits are unblocked.

　　The relevant units shall have the alarm devices and the emergency rescue and relief equipment and facilities regularly checked and maintained, in order that they are kept in good repair and ready for normal use.

　　Article 25 People’s governments at or above the county level shall establish a sound training system for control of emergencies and provide regular training to the staff members of the people’s governments and of their relevant departments who are charged with the duty to handle emergencies.

　　Article 26 People’s governments at or above the county level shall mobilize their resources for emergency response, and organize or designate teams for all-round emergency rescue and relief. The relevant departments of the people’s governments may, in light of actual need, organize professional teams for emergency rescue and relief.

　　People’s governments at or above the county level and their relevant departments may organize emergency rescue teams which are composed of adult volunteers. Each unit shall organize a full-time or part-time team for emergency rescue, which is composed of the staff members of the unit.

　　People’s governments at or above the county level shall help strengthen cooperation between professional and non-professional teams for emergency rescue, by conducting joint trainings and drills, in order to increase their ability of combined and coordinated response to emergencies.

　　Article 27 The relevant departments of the State Council, and of the local people’s governments at or above the county level and their relevant departments, and the units concerned shall purchase life and accident insurance for professional emergency rescuers, and provide them with the necessary protective gears and instruments to reduce the personal risks of the emergency rescuers.

　　Article 28 The Chinese People’s Liberation Army, the Chinese People’s Armed Police Force and the militia shall, in a planned way, organize and conduct special training for emergency rescue.

　　Article 29 People’s governments at the county level and their relevant departments, people’s governments at the township level, and the neighbourhood offices shall organize and conduct dissemination of the knowledge on emergency response and the necessary emergency response drills.

　　The residents’ committees, villagers’ committees, enterprises and institutions shall, in compliance with the requirements of the people’ government at the place where they are located and in light of their respective actual conditions, conduct dissemination of the knowledge on emergency response and the necessary emergency response drills.

　　The news media shall, for the public good, disseminate gratis the knowledge on prevention of and response to emergencies, and on self-rescue and mutual rescue.

　　Article 30 Different types of schools at various levels shall include the knowledge on emergency response in their teaching curriculums, and educate students in the said knowledge, in order to help them foster their awareness of the importance of safety and acquire the ability of self-rescue and mutual rescue.

　　The departments in charge of education shall give guidance to and supervise the schools in their efforts to spread knowledge on emergency response among the students.

　　Article 31 The State Council and the local people’s governments at or above the county level shall take fiscal measures to guarantee provision of the funds needed for emergency response.

　　Article 32 The State establishes a sound guarantee system for material reserves for emergency response, and improve the system of control, production, reservation, allocation and urgent distribution of the important materials for emergency response.

　　People’s governments at or above the level of a city divided into districts, and people’s governments at the county level where emergencies are liable to occur or occur frequently, shall establish a system for reservation of materials for emergency rescue, of the daily necessities and of the gears for emergency handling.

　　Local people’s governments at or above the county level shall, in light of their actual local conditions, sign agreements with the enterprises concerned to ensure the production and supply of the materials for emergency rescue, of daily necessities and of the gears for emergency handling.

　　Article 33 The State establishes a sound guarantee system for emergency communications, improve the public communications network, build an emergency communications system whereby wired and wireless communications are combined and the basic telecommunications network is integrated with the mobile communications system, in order to ensure unblocked communications for emergency response.

　　Article 34 The State encourages citizens, legal persons and other organizations to provide materials, funds and technical support and make donations to the people’s governments for the work on response to emergencies.

　　Article 35 The State develops the insurance industry, establishes a risk insurance system for huge disasters, which is financed by the government, and encourages units and citizens to purchase insurance.

　　Article 36 The State encourages and supports the teaching and scientific research institutions which meet the appropriate conditions to train people to become professionals in administration of emergency response, and encourages and supports such institutions and the enterprises concerned to research and develop new technologies, equipment and instruments for prevention, monitoring and early warning of emergencies and for emergency handling and rescue.

　　Chapter III Monitoring and Early Warning

　　Article 37 The State Council shall establish a unified national information system for emergencies.

　　Local people’s governments at or above the county level shall establish or designate unified local information systems for emergencies, to collect, store, analyze and transmit information on emergencies, and to have their systems interconnected with the emergency information systems of the people’s governments at higher levels and their relevant departments, the people’s governments at lower levels and their relevant departments, the specialized institutions and the emergency monitoring networks, in order to strengthen inter-departmental and inter-regional exchange of information and intelligence cooperation.

　　Article 38 People’s governments at or above the county level and their relevant departments and the specialized institutions shall collect information on emergencies through a variety of channels.

　　The people’s governments at the county level shall establish a full-time or part-time information reporter system in the resident&r